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Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii'

Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii'

Ruby Red Horsechestnut

synonym Aesculus rubicunda 'Briotii'

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Description

Aesculus x carnea ‘Briotii’ (red horse chestnut ‘Briotii’) is a deciduous tree in the Sapindaceae family. It is a cross between Aesculus hippocastanum and Aesculus pavia. The cultivar ‘Briotii’ was selected in 1858 in Trianon, France. Aesculus x carnea ‘Briotii’ shares the crown shape and foliage of Aesculus hippocastanum and the coloured blooms of Aesculus pavia. Red horse chestnut ‘Briotii’ can grow between 10 and 15 metres tall and has a dense leaf canopy with a round crown shape 10 to 15 metres wide. The cultivar ‘Briotii’ has a more oval shape, thus making it ideal as an avenue tree.

Aesculus x carnea ‘Briotii’ is known for the stunning bright red flowers which appear in large panicles in late spring.  The abundant ‘candles’ are large and striking with great ornamental value in gardens and parks. Not least because red is a little-seen colour in nature. The flowers appear at a time when lots of species of bees emerge. A striking feature of horse chestnuts are the extremely large winter buds containing folded leaves and the flower is already present in the bud. It has large palmate compound leaves. They are made up of five to seven leaflets with a glossy, dark green colour. In autumn the tree produces a few small, spiny fruits containing one or two seeds.  The fruit is not edible but is a food source for many animals. The bark on juvenile plants is smooth but peels off in maturity.

Red horse chestnut ‘Briotii’ is prized for its numerous blooms and much used in parks, large gardens and avenues thanks to its monumental size. The heavy crown casts a lot of shade which makes it a relaxing place to linger beneath on hot summer days. All soil types are suitable for Aesculus x carnea ‘Briotii’ provided it does not dry out too much. It does not tolerate paved surroundings and wind very well.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees multi-stemmed trees shade trees

Topiary on stem

fval roof-trained fval candelabra fval branched candlestick

Use

Location

avenue park central reservation large garden cemetery traffic areas, industrial zones

Pavement

none none open open

Planting concepts

eco planting

Characteristics

Crown shape

rounded rounded wide oval wide oval

Crown structure

dense dense

Height

10 - 15 m

Width

10 - 15 m

Winter hardiness zone

6A - 8B

Aspects

Wind

slightly tolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay peaty heavy clay light clay sand loamy soil all soils

Nutrient level

moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist

Light requirements

sun partial shade

pH range

acidic neutral alkaline

Host plant/forage plant

bees butterflies birds small mammals nectar value 5 pollen value 5

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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' standard tree
multi-stem multi-stem
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' multi-stem
candlestick branched candlestick
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' branched candlestick
candlestick branched candlestick
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' branched candlestick
candlestick branched candlestick
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' branched candlestick
candlestick branched candlestick
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' branched candlestick
roof-trained roof-trained
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' roof-trained
roof-trained roof-trained
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' roof-trained
roof-trained roof-trained
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' roof-trained
roof-trained roof-trained
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' roof-trained
flowers flowers
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' flowers
flowers flowers
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' flowers
flowers flowers
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' flowers
leaves leaves
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' leaves
leaves leaves
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' leaves
bark bark
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' bark
bark bark
Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' bark

Seasonal colours

Aesculus x carnea 'Briotii' seizoenskleur
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Flowers

Flowers

panicle striking standing big scented

Flower colour

dark red

Flowering period

May

Leaves

Leaf colour

dark green buds bright green

Leaves

deciduous palmate big opposite matt polished composite wrinkled

Autumn colour

yellow-brown

Fruits

Fruit colour

green

Fruits

few fruits capsule husk

Bark

Bark colour

grey-brown

Bark

peeling slightly furrowed

Twigs

Twig colour

grey-brown

Twigs

bare thickly branched short shoots

Root system

Root system

deep highly branched many hair roots central root

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Use
Location
OK
Pavement
OK
Host plant/forage plant
OK
Planting concepts
OK
Types of planting
Tree types
OK
Multi-stemmed trees
OK
Crown structure
OK
Crown shape
OK
Topiary on stem
OK
Topiary
OK
Height
m
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m
OK
Width
m
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m
OK
Aspects
Wind
OK
Soil
OK
Nutrient level
OK
Soil moisture level
OK
Light requirements
OK
PH range
OK
Extreme environments
OK
Stage of succession
OK
Plant characteristics
Flowering period
January
-
December
OK
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Autumn colour
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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

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