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Liriodendron chinense

Liriodendron chinense

Chinese tulip tree

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Description

Liriodendron chinense (Chinese tulip tree) belongs to the Magnoliaceae family and was widespread in prehistoric times, but later on only grew in Asia. In 1875, the species was found in the Chinese province of Hubei by the botanist Charles Sparque Sargent, and it was cultivated in 1901. In its area of origin, the Chinese tulip tree grows in river valleys and on the hills, along with Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cornus controversa, Ginkgo biloba and Davidia involucrata. There, the tree grows up to about 15 metres high; it grows up to 9 metres high in cultivation.

The name ‘tulip tree’ is an apt description of the shape of the flowers that appear around the end of May and the beginning of June. Liriodendron chinense blooms at an older age, and has smaller flowers than the Liriodendron tulipifera. Its leaves are much larger than those of its American counterpart. It has the same quadrifoliate tulip shape with the characteristic tapered leaf tips and is glossy green with a blue-green underside. Its autumn colour is a gorgeous bright yellow. Its grey bark is slightly furrowed and its twigs are violet-brown with lenticels.

The Chinese tulip tree naturally occurs in rich and fertile soil with a lot of space to root. With its deep taproot, the species is very wind-proof and can handle drought very well. But the wood is brittle, and to prevent the branches from blowing out, the tree should be planted in an area that is sheltered from the wind. The fleshy roots cannot handle soil that is too wet. Liriodendron chinense is somewhat sensitive to frost and young branches will therefore partially freeze during harsh winters. The tree will fully recover from this. This makes it a beautiful park or garden tree in nutrient-rich, permeable soil in the sun.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees feathered trees shade trees

Use

Location

park large garden cemetery

Pavement

none none open open

Characteristics

Crown shape

rounded rounded

Crown structure

semi-open semi-open

Height

8 - 10 m

Width

6 - 8 m

Winter hardiness zone

8A - 10B

Aspects

Wind

intolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay peaty heavy clay light clay sand loamy soil all soils

Nutrient level

moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist

Light requirements

sun

pH range

acidic neutral
6.1 - 7.5

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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Liriodendron chinense standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Liriodendron chinense standard tree
multi-stem multi-stem
Liriodendron chinense multi-stem
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
leaves leaves
Liriodendron chinense leaves
autumn-leaves autumn leaves
Liriodendron chinense autumn leaves
autumn-leaves autumn leaves
Liriodendron chinense autumn leaves
autumn-leaves autumn leaves
Liriodendron chinense autumn leaves
bark bark
Liriodendron chinense bark
bark bark
Liriodendron chinense bark
bark bark
Liriodendron chinense bark

Flowers

Flowers

tulip-shaped discrete small

Flower colour

yellow-green

Flowering period

May - June

Leaves

Leaf colour

buds red-violet blue-green underside blue-green

Leaves

deciduous palmate big polished laciniate

Autumn colour

golden yellow

Fruits

Fruit colour

brown

Fruits

striking winged nut cones

Bark

Bark colour

grey

Bark

furrowed slightly furrowed striped

Twigs

Twig colour

brown-violet

Twigs

bare

Root system

Root system

deep extensive fleshy roots tap root

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

Winter hardiness map
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British Asssociation of Landscape Industries

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