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Platanus orientalis

Platanus orientalis

Oriental Plane tree, Old World sycamore

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Description

Platanus orientalis (oriental plane) is a large, deciduous tree and was described in 1753 by Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus. The oriental plane assumes a very monumental character thanks to the low branches and horizontal branching. It can grow into a single-stem or multi-stem tree reaching a great size of more than thirty metres tall and twenty-five metres across. The oriental plane is found in the Balkans, Crete, Cyprus and Asia Minor and has been traditionally planted in India. It grows mainly in seasonally humid environments and can be found alongside Salix caprea, Ficus carica and Populus alba along watercourses where the roots are able to reach the groundwater on rocky soil.

The leaves of the oriental plane are very thick and leathery, palmate and often more deeply lobed than those of Platanus x hispanica. The leaves are light green when they emerge and become deep green in the summer. In the autumn the colours are yellow and russet-brown. The inconspicuous male and female flowers come out late in the spring. They develop into striking globose fruits on stalks in groups of three to six and stay well on into winter. These seeds are distributed by the wind. The bark is grey and peels off in green-brown and creamy platelets.

Platanus orientalis can be very long-lived and is a valuable tree for extreme weather conditions because it adapts to very dry conditions and can cope with temporary flooding. Its size means it is only suitable for larger gardens and parks and on city squares but because it responds very well to heavy pruning it can be trained into many forms. This makes the oriental plane suitable also for smaller and narrower sites where limited space is available. The leaf canopy is very dense and much-prized in its native range for this reason. Since the dawn of time, it has been planted in village squares close to a water source and in areas where people can enjoy spending their evenings during hot summers.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees multi-stemmed trees shade trees

Topiary on stem

fval roof-trained

Use

Location

avenue square park large garden cemetery traffic areas, industrial zones bioswale

Pavement

none none open open sealed sealed

Planting concepts

solid planting prairie planting

Characteristics

Crown shape

rounded rounded wide oval wide oval

Crown structure

dense dense semi-open semi-open

Height

18 - 30 m

Width

15 - 25 m

Winter hardiness zone

6B - 9A

Aspects

Wind

tolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay heavy clay light clay sand loamy soil

Nutrient level

low in nutrients moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist wet

Light requirements

sun partial shade

pH range

acidic neutral alkaline

Extreme environments

tolerant to salt spray tolerant to dryness tolerates air pollution tolerates heat tolerant to short-term flooding

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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Platanus orientalis standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Platanus orientalis standard tree
multi-stem multi-stem
Platanus orientalis multi-stem
multi-stem multi-stem
Platanus orientalis multi-stem
multi-stem multi-stem
Platanus orientalis multi-stem
roof-trained roof-trained
Platanus orientalis roof-trained
roof-trained roof-trained
Platanus orientalis roof-trained
leaves leaves
Platanus orientalis leaves
leaves leaves
Platanus orientalis leaves
fruits fruits
Platanus orientalis fruits
fruits fruits
Platanus orientalis fruits
bark bark
Platanus orientalis bark

Flowers

Flowers

heads discrete

Flower colour

yellow-green

Flowering period

May

Leaves

Leaf colour

green buds pale green

Leaves

deciduous palmate big polished hairy dissected dentate lobate

Autumn colour

yellow yellow-brown

Fruits

Fruit colour

brown

Fruits

striking large capsule capsules

Bark

Bark colour

cream grey-green grey

Bark

peeling smooth

Twigs

Twig colour

brown

Twigs

bare horizontal branches long shoots

Root system

Root system

deep shallow highly branched coarse roots

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Soil
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December
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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

Winter hardiness map
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British Asssociation of Landscape Industries

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E info@ebben.nl

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