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Quercus coccinea

Quercus coccinea

Scarlet Oak

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Description

Quercus coccinea (scarlet oak) is a large, deciduous tree with stunning autumn colour. The scarlet oak is found in eastern parts of the United States where it grows with Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Quercus marilandica, Oxydendrum arboreum, Cornus florida and Kalmia latifolia. Quercus coccinea was described in 1770 by German botanist and correspondent of Linnaeus, Otto von Münchhausen. The scarlet oak can reach a height of approximately 25 metres and develop a lovely round crown fifteen metres wide.

The leaves of the scarlet oak are oval or egg-shaped with six to nine triangular lobes. They have a red velvet colour when they emerge before turning matt green and glossy. They change colour at the end of October and early November to a dazzling russet brown and scarlet red. The male golden yellow catkins are small and appear before or together with the first new leaves. The acorns have a flat cup and are round. The generally single stem has dark grey to black bark and shallow grooves. The juvenile twigs are typically yellow brown.

Quercus coccinea is suitable for larger gardens or parks where it can become very big and be long-lived. Provided the soil is well-drained and is neutral or acidic, the oak can grow on a range of soils. This is a key difference to Quercus palustris, which prefers damp soils and is hard to tell apart. For best autumn colour this oak should be planted in full sun. The scarlet oak is valuable as a shade tree, grows quickly and is resistant to dry and hot summers and cold, wet winters. This characterises it as a climate tree. It is tolerant of drought thanks to the deep taproot in particular.

Types of planting

Tree types

standard trees multi-stemmed trees shade trees

Topiary on stem

fval multi-stem umbrella

Use

Location

avenue square park central reservation large garden cemetery traffic areas, industrial zones

Pavement

none none open open sealed sealed

Planting concepts

climate planting prairie planting

Characteristics

Crown shape

rounded rounded pyramidal pyramidal

Crown structure

semi-open semi-open

Height

20 - 25 m

Width

8 - 15 m

Winter hardiness zone

5B - 9B

Aspects

Wind

tolerant to wind

Soil

loess sabulous clay peaty heavy clay light clay sand loamy soil all soils

Nutrient level

low in nutrients moderately rich in nutrients rich in nutrients

Soil moisture level

dry moist

Light requirements

sun

pH range

acidic neutral

Host plant/forage plant

birds small mammals

Extreme environments

tolerant to salt spray tolerant to dryness tolerates air pollution tolerates heat

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Order this plant? Or would you like further information about Quercus coccinea? Make an appointment for a detailed planting recommendation.
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Photos

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high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
high-stem standard tree
Quercus coccinea standard tree
leaves leaves
Quercus coccinea leaves
leaves leaves
Quercus coccinea leaves
flowers flowers
Quercus coccinea flowers
flowers flowers
Quercus coccinea flowers
flowers flowers
Quercus coccinea flowers
autumn-leaves autumn leaves
Quercus coccinea autumn leaves
autumn-leaves autumn leaves
Quercus coccinea autumn leaves
bark bark
Quercus coccinea bark

Seasonal colours

Quercus coccinea seizoenskleur
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Flowers

Flowers

catkins discrete

Flower colour

golden yellow

Flowering period

April

Leaves

Leaf colour

green

Leaves

deciduous obovate ovoid wide leathery polished laciniate lobate

Autumn colour

red-brown red scarlet

Fruits

Fruit colour

brown brown-green green

Fruits

acorn

Bark

Bark colour

grey-black

Bark

slightly furrowed smooth, later on rough

Twigs

Twig colour

yellow-brown

Twigs

bare

Root system

Root system

deep extensive tap root

For and by green professionals

The TreeEbb is a platform for and by green professionals, in which we collect knowledge and experience from the sector and make this available for users. All the details and photos are free to use for non-commercial purposes. Want to share your tree knowledge? Send photographs and additional information to treeebb@ebben.nl

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Location
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Types of planting
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Multi-stemmed trees
OK
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Topiary on stem
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Topiary
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m
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Aspects
Wind
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Soil
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Nutrient level
OK
Soil moisture level
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Light requirements
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PH range
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Extreme environments
OK
Stage of succession
OK
Plant characteristics
Flowering period
January
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December
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Winter hardiness

A plant's winter hardiness is the coldest area in which it is frost-resistant. This is based on the average annual minimum temperature. Winter hardiness zones are thirteen different frost zones in steps of 5.5 degrees Celsius. This format is an international standard for the hardiness of plants. The zones in which the plant is frost-resistant are always included in the description of trees and other vegetation.

Winter hardiness is a genetic characteristic and is not influenced by the location in which the plant is cultivated. This means that a plant that has been cultivated for many years in winter-hardiness zone 6 but has a winter hardiness of 3 is perfectly suited for replanting in a colder zone. It will thrive there thanks to its genetic characteristics.

When choosing planting for a project, the winter hardiness of the plants is extremely important. By choosing species that match the zone in which the project is being created, it is possible to ensure that plants can withstand the minimum temperature in that area.

Winter hardiness map
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British Asssociation of Landscape Industries

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